Field ManualAll plants

A Buxus (genus photo)Photo: ProtoKiwi, via Wikimedia CommonsLicense: CC BY 4.0

Boxwood

Buxus L.

Family: Buxaceae

  • Evergreen
  • Formal Hedging
  • Watch for Boxwood Blight

Pet & Human Safety

People: Toxic to people (low severity)Pets: Toxic to pets
Hazardous parts
Not yet checked.
Preparation
not applicable: not a food plant
Hazard type
Steroidal alkaloids
Hazard route
ingestion and skin contact
How complete this information is
The safety information on this page is partial. Where a source covers a point, it is shown; where none does, the page says so.

Toxic to pets
Toxic to pets

ASPCA lists Boxwood (Buxus spp.) as Toxic to Dogs, Toxic to Cats, AND Toxic to Horses: ASPCA page, whole-genus listing consistent with Clemson's own multi-species treatment. Toxic principle: alkaloids. ASPCA's own Clinical Signs field is already species-differentiated, word for word: "Dogs and cats: vomiting, diarrhea; Horses: colic, diarrhea, respiratory failure, seizures." ASPCA does not itself rank these as more or less severe: it lists signs per species, not a severity ranking. Reading those listed signs, the horse-specific signs (colic, respiratory failure, seizures) are more serious in character than the dog/cat signs (vomiting, diarrhea), which is the own reasonable inference from ASPCA's list, not a comparison ASPCA states explicitly. Worth noting for any user with horses or boarding near a boxwood hedge, not just dog/cat owners. NC State's independent listing agrees on toxicity (steroidal alkaloids, similar GI/neurological symptom profile) and adds that human contact with the plant can also cause contact dermatitis, a detail ASPCA's animal-focused page doesn't address.

PlotAndPetal cannot tell you whether a plant you found can be eaten. Only someone who can see the plant can identify it.

Poison control

If someone has collapsed, cannot be woken, is having a seizure or has trouble breathing, call 911 now. For any other possible poisoning, call Poison Help: 1-800-222-1222.

Emergency number source: U.S. federal law (47 U.S.C. § 251(e)(3)), read 2026-10-07.

Naturalist Lore

Historical Background & Breeding Lore

The history of this plant and its name, and how it was bred, where we have them.

Get the app: coming soon

Care

Hardiness zones

Buxus sempervirens: USDA 5a-8b (NC State Extension): this species has limited heat tolerance for the Deep South. Korean Boxwood (B. sinica var. insularis) is named by Clemson as the most sun- and cold-tolerant type and a better landscape choice in warmer zones including Florida.

Water needs

moderate

Mature size

Highly cultivar-dependent: dwarf forms like 'Compacta' reach only 8-10 inches in 15 years, while species forms of American/Common Boxwood can reach 15 feet or more unpruned; most landscape cultivars fall in the 3-6 foot range (Clemson HGIC).

Where it comes from

Buxus sempervirens: western and southern Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa (NC State Extension). Littleleaf Boxwood (B. microphylla) is native to Japan (Clemson HGIC).

Soil & Drainage
Pruning & Flush Rhythm
Feeding Schedule

How to prepare the soil, when and what to feed, and how and when to prune where that applies.

Get the app: coming soon

Anatomy & Guilds

Botanical Anatomy & Characteristics

How the flowers and leaves are built and which pollinators visit, where we have them.

Get the app: coming soon

Field Doctor

Field Doctor

What can go wrong with this plant and what to do about it, where we have them.

Get the app: coming soon

Vintage Plates

Vintage Plates

Old botanical drawings from public libraries are in the app, for plants where we have them.

Get the app: coming soon

Sources

  1. Clemson HGIC, Boxwood
  2. Clemson HGIC, Boxwood Diseases and Insect Pests in South Carolina
  3. NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, Buxus sempervirens
  4. ASPCA, Toxic and Non-toxic Plants: Boxwood

How we choose sources

Wishlists live in the app

Wishlists are part of the Plot & Petal app, which is coming soon. Nothing is added to a wishlist from this page.

Get the app: coming soon