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Sago Palm

Cycas revoluta

  • Not a True Palm (Cycad)
  • Extremely Slow Growing
  • Drought Tolerant Once Established
  • Salt Tolerant

Pet & Human Safety

People: Not researchedPets: Toxic to pets

People: not researched yet.

Toxic to pets
Toxic to pets

ASPCA confirms Toxic to Dogs, Toxic to Cats, and Toxic to Horses. Toxic principle: cycasin. ASPCA lists clinical signs including vomiting, melena, jaundice, increased thirst, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, bruising, coagulopathy, liver damage, liver failure, and death. This is a high-severity toxicity profile: organ failure and death are named outcomes, not worst-case rarities: and should be flagged prominently in the app, not treated like a routine mild-GI-upset entry. NC State Extension independently corroborates severity, stating that all plant parts contain cycasin with the highest concentration in the seeds, and that ingestion of any part may cause permanent internal damage or death, including vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, seizures, and liver failure. UF/IFAS's consumer-facing fact sheet also warns in plain language that the plant contains a powerful neurotoxin that can cause paralysis or even death if not prepared properly, and that the seeds can also be poisonous to humans and animals if ingested: note this source frames it partly as a food-preparation hazard (sago starch is traditionally detoxified before human consumption in some cultures), a different framing from pure ornamental-plant toxicity but pointing at the same underlying toxin. Note: this ASPCA entry also covers Cardboard Palm and Coontie Palm under the same toxic verdict (see the look-alike warning above).

PlotAndPetal cannot tell you whether a plant you found can be eaten. Only someone who can see the plant can identify it.

Look-alike warning
Could be mistaken for Cardboard Palm (Zamia furfuracea) and Coontie Palm (Zamia integrifolia/pumila, the separate coontie guide): all three share one ASPCA toxicity entry, plus any true palm (Queen, Areca, Majesty, Kentia, Lady, Parlor, Dwarf/Good Luck, Manila, Canary Date, Belmore Sentry; mostly non-toxic per ASPCA). To tell them apart: Sago Palm is not a palm at all: it's a cycad (family Cycadaceae, a gymnosperm lineage unrelated to true palms, family Arecaceae). The word 'palm' in the name cannot be used to infer safety.. Sago Palm is severely toxic to pets (ASPCA: toxic to dogs, cats, and horses, with liver failure and death as possible outcomes), while true palms are largely non-toxic. Never let a general true-palm safety pattern apply to this plant, Cardboard Palm, or Coontie Palm.

Poison control

If someone has collapsed, cannot be woken, is having a seizure or has trouble breathing, call 911 now. For any other possible poisoning, call Poison Help: 1-800-222-1222.

Emergency number source: U.S. federal law (47 U.S.C. § 251(e)(3)), read 2026-10-07.

Naturalist Lore

Historical Background & Breeding Lore

The history of this plant and its name, and how it was bred, where we have them.

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Care

Hardiness zones

USDA 9a-12b per NC State Extension's zone range (Missouri Botanical Garden states the narrower 9-10 for reliable outdoor hardiness). Not freeze tolerant once established outdoors (UF/IFAS); NC State specifies cold damage below approximately 15 degrees F.

Mature size

Extremely slow growing: can reach up to 15 feet in 50 years (UF/IFAS); NC State gives a more typical mature size of 3-10 feet in both height and spread for most landscape specimens.

Family

Cycadaceae (a cycad; not Arecaceae, the true palm family, despite the common name)

Where it comes from

Kyushu (Japan's third-largest island) and the Ryukyu Islands, extending to southern China (Missouri Botanical Garden). UF/IFAS gives the broader description "tropical islands of southern Japan."

Soil & Drainage
Pruning & Flush Rhythm
Feeding Schedule

How to prepare the soil, when and what to feed, and how and when to prune where that applies.

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Anatomy & Guilds

Botanical Anatomy & Characteristics

How the flowers and leaves are built and which pollinators visit, where we have them.

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Field Doctor

Field Doctor

What can go wrong with this plant and what to do about it, where we have them.

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Vintage Plates

Vintage Plates

Old botanical drawings from public libraries are in the app, for plants where we have them.

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Sources

  1. UF/IFAS Nassau County Extension, Fact sheet: Sago Palm
  2. UF/IFAS EDIS (Ask IFAS), FR316: Cycas revoluta, Sago Palm
  3. Clemson HGIC, Palms & Cycads
  4. NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, Cycas revoluta
  5. UF/IFAS Gardening Solutions, Cycad Aulacaspis Scale
  6. Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder, Cycas revoluta
  7. ASPCA, Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants: Sago Palm

How we choose sources

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